233 papers
In the PR-OUTLOOK study of young adults in Puerto Rico, high chronic stress was significantly associated with suboptimal cardiovascular health both directly and indirectly through reduced optimism and social support, though these resilience factors did not moderate the stress-health relationship.
The WEMA study protocol outlines a transdisciplinary research initiative in Burkina Faso, Kenya, Mozambique, and South Africa that integrates systematic reviews, secondary data analysis, cross-sectional surveys, and participatory qualitative methods to investigate the impact of extreme weather events on common mental disorders among vulnerable African populations and inform climate adaptation policies.
This descriptive qualitative study of 21 students in Bukavu, DRC, reveals that young people's intention to use mobile health applications for comprehensive sex education is driven by a need for reliable information and perceived educational benefits, yet is heavily contingent on overcoming structural and economic barriers through adaptive strategies and social support.
This study evaluating the Wales Sore Throat Test and Treat service found that relying solely on the FeverPAIN clinical scoring system for Group A Streptococcus diagnosis results in significant overtreatment and undertreatment, particularly among children, thereby supporting the integration of point-of-care testing into community pharmacy pathways to enable more targeted antibiotic prescribing.
This qualitative study utilizes multi-agency professional perspectives and interpretive phenomenological analysis to conceptualize the complex needs of older homeless individuals as a gradual, attritional process rooted in childhood socioeconomic factors, arguing that effective solutions require rights-based, sustained legislative and financial strategies to address root causes like poverty and trauma.
This registry-based analysis of nearly 400 ClinicalTrials.gov entries reveals that while Anorexia Nervosa research is geographically concentrated in North America and Europe with significant mechanistic activity, it faces substantial translational gaps characterized by a lack of conventional therapeutic development and high rates of trial discontinuation.
A randomized pricing experiment in peri-urban Lusaka, Zambia, reveals that while households demonstrate strong latent demand for locally manufactured handwashing facilities, their actual purchase rates are highly sensitive to price, with a 50% adoption threshold estimated at approximately 103 ZMW, underscoring the necessity of financial interventions to make these life-saving technologies affordable.
This mixed-methods study in Kampala, Uganda, reveals that while most men discuss contraception with healthcare providers, their actual involvement in clinic visits and joint decision-making for long-acting reversible contraceptives remains low due to socio-cultural barriers, gender norms, and a lack of male-friendly services, necessitating targeted strategies to promote inclusive counseling and community engagement.
This study reveals the reemergence of a globally disseminated, highly invasive lineage of *Streptococcus pneumoniae* serotype 2 (GPSC96) in Bangladesh and worldwide, which predominantly causes meningitis in infants and is not covered by current vaccines, suggesting a need for its inclusion in next-generation formulations.
This study validates road-traffic-based exposure proxies against personal PM2.5 measurements in The Gambia, Kenya, and Mozambique, revealing that while individual proxies exhibit weak and context-dependent predictive power, combining multiple proxies in a hybrid model significantly improves exposure estimation accuracy across these Sub-Saharan African settings.
This study utilizes Bayesian meta-regression models on updated empirical data to generate standardized, country-level estimates of immunization delivery unit costs for routine childhood, routine adolescent, and campaign vaccination strategies across low- and middle-income countries, providing essential evidence for global vaccination planning and budgeting.
This retrospective study of 600 pregnant and lactating women with HIV in Zimbabwe reveals that socioeconomic vulnerability, unmet social needs, and adverse financial coping strategies significantly compromise HIV treatment outcomes, while highlighting the complex and sometimes counterintuitive relationship between social protection programs and treatment adherence.
This study characterizes the 2024/2025 Mpox outbreak in Uganda through genomic analysis of 511 samples, revealing substantial viral diversification, multiple cross-border introductions from the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the co-circulation of distinct lineages that underscore the critical need for integrated regional surveillance.
This paper introduces Population Life Expectancy (PoLE), a new indicator representing the mean age at death of active cohorts, which reveals that actual population longevity gains over the last 150 years in Switzerland and Norway are approximately 50% higher than suggested by traditional Period Life Expectancy measures.
This paper introduces PointScol, a high-sensitivity, radiation-free triage system that utilizes 3D point cloud geometry to achieve 100% sensitivity in screening for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, effectively eliminating unnecessary radiation exposure while providing nuanced severity grading to optimize clinical resource allocation.
This interpretive description study across Kenya, South Africa, and Canada identifies key facilitators and barriers to post-market vaccine safety surveillance and research, highlighting the need for globally harmonized standards combined with locally tailored, patient-centered strategies and sustainable investments to strengthen infrastructure and workforce capacity.
A prospective study in two high-burden hospitals in La Paz, Bolivia, utilized culture and 16S rDNA sequencing to reveal that sinks and their surrounding environments are heavily contaminated with viable ESKAPEE pathogens, particularly *Klebsiella* and *Enterobacter* species, with contamination levels decreasing as distance from the drain increases.
This study of Singapore demonstrates that localized saturated fat exposure, rather than fast food outlet density, is significantly associated with increased overweight risk, suggesting that urban planning in dense Southeast Asian cities should prioritize managing the macronutrient landscape to combat chronic disease.
A pilot study in Zimbabwe demonstrates that community-based blood pressure groups, facilitated by a combination of lay health workers and community champions, are a feasible and acceptable intervention that improves hypertension knowledge, medication adherence, and well-being among participants.
The INACT trial is a randomized controlled study evaluating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a school-based social prescribing program compared to standard signposting in reducing loneliness and improving wellbeing among young people in England.